Party Members: the Independents of Color
Founder Evaristo Estenoz in the center in white jacket and mustache
Courtesy Field Agent: M. Vasques
The first independent black political party in the hemisphere, the Partido Independiente de Color, is founded in Havana in 1908 by Evaristo Estenoz (center above and below, left), Pedro Ivonet, journalist Gregorio Surín, and a group of followers. In 1910, the AfroCuban traitor Martin Morúa Delgado proposes a law, the Morúa Amendment, which bans the Independiente de Color as a political party because it is said to be based on race. He argued that since African born Cubans had been given citizenship and could vote, racial privileges had disappeared and a party based on color was unconstitutional: the Cuban myth of racial equality! He was supported in this by the miguelista newpaper El Triunfo which initiated the strong anti-black line that the Independientes were crazed rapists favoring a Haitian style revolution.
Los Independientes were made up of many veterans of the Mambi Army, which was itself 80% to 90% of African descent. The Mambises kicked the Spaniards out from Cuba and forced the plantocracy to ally themselves with the Americans to take back Cuba from the Cubans of African descent. When the Independents challenged them again, the plantocracy had over 6,000 eliminated as US troops stood by and US Navy ships were on hand to provide back up. This whole history has long been passed under silence and repressed.
For the first time in the history of Cuba, Gloria Rolando offers the media images of this episode in her film, Raíces de mi corazon.
For more information click here:
http://www.afrocubaweb.com/evaristoestenoz/estenoz.htm
Party Members: the Independents of Color
Founder Evaristo Estenoz in the center in white jacket and mustache
Courtesy Field Agent: M. Vasques
The first independent black political party in the hemisphere, the Partido Independiente de Color, is founded in Havana in 1908 by Evaristo Estenoz (center above and below, left), Pedro Ivonet, journalist Gregorio Surín, and a group of followers. In 1910, the AfroCuban traitor Martin Morúa Delgado proposes a law, the Morúa Amendment, which bans the Independiente de Color as a political party because it is said to be based on race. He argued that since African born Cubans had been given citizenship and could vote, racial privileges had disappeared and a party based on color was unconstitutional: the Cuban myth of racial equality! He was supported in this by the miguelista newpaper El Triunfo which initiated the strong anti-black line that the Independientes were crazed rapists favoring a Haitian style revolution.
Peace
End
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